I have embarked on a journey to study Artificial Intelligence and pursue formal study as an MSc course six months back. I was amazed to read the history of artificial intelligence. It was awe-inspiring knowledge of how legends have coined ‘artificial intelligence’, thought to share with you some of the highlights. It will give you the very basics of AI. From where it started and how it was passing through from different periods.

Definition of AI

Now before will go to history, let’s understand the basic formal definition of AI. According to written at Britannica  

• Artificial intelligence (AI), the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings. The term is frequently applied to the project of developing systems endowed with the intellectual processes characteristic of humans, such as the ability to reason, discover meaning, generalize, or learn from past experience
• “Artificial intelligence is a computerized system that exhibits behavior that is commonly thought of as requiring intelligence.” Written in “Preparing for the Future of Artificial Intelligence, NSTC, 2016”
• “Artificial Intelligence is the science of making machines do things that would require intelligence if done by man.”  In “6. Raphael, B. 1976. The thinking computer. San Francisco, CA: W.H. Freeman”
• “AI is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs.” Source: http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/whatisai/node1.html

Machine Learning (ML): pattern identification and analysis; machines can improve with experience from provided data sets

Deep Learning (DL): composed of multi-layer neural networks that enable machines to learn and make decisions on their own

According to several books, the roots of modern AI are way back. However, I will share with you when the term ‘AI’ is presented to the world and so on.

Most of the contents of this episode are taken from the book “Artificial Intelligence – A Modern Approach, fourth edition.

AI and Life in 2030 – one hundred year study on artificial intelligence

Stanford University released its first report for the One Hundred Year Study, a long-term look into the future of AI

Another good way to present from Science in the news at Harvard University

Resources:

• The Present and Future of AI by Gartner
• Strategic Framework for AI Use Cases by Industry – Gartner
• Artificial Intelligence by Stanford Encylopedia of Philosophy
• A Complete History of AI

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